What are the common infectious diseases of dogs?

Kerry

December 13, 2022 at 4:01 am

Infectious diseases of dogs are the biggest obstacles to breeding pet dogs, especially in recent years, the number of pets has increased sharply in recent years. The density of dogs has increased, the disease of dogs increases, and the frequency of onset increases significantly, which seriously affects the breeding and reproduction of pet dogs. In order to effectively prevent and control the occurrence of dog infectious diseases, we must understand some of the basic common sense of infectious diseases, and improve the understanding of the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in order to prevent the prevention and treatment of dog infectious diseases.
1. The characteristics of infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms. There is a certain incubation period and symptom manifestation, and infectious diseases, called infectious diseases. It is characterized by: caused by the interaction of pathogenic microorganisms and dogs. If there is no canine plague virus, there is no canine plague. In the healthy dog that is susceptible to sensitive, it can cause the same symptoms of canine plague, and it can spread in a certain region of dogs. The infected dogs experience specific reactions; the dog -resistant dog can obtain specific immunity; Symptoms of distinctive symptoms.
2. The type of infection can be divided into endogenous infection and exogenous infection according to the occurrence of infection; according to the type of pathogen, it can be divided into simplicity, mixed infection, and secondary infection; For benign infection, malignant infection; according to the length of the disease, it can be divided into the most acute, acute, subacute and chronic infection.
3. Infectious dogs infectious diseases infectious diseases directly contact infection between dogs, or indirectly transmitted through media objects to form popularity. Generally, it is necessary to pass through: the process of discharge the pathogenic microorganisms from the pathogenic dogs invades the process of a new susceptible dog. This shows that the transmission of infectious diseases in dogs must have three links: source of infection, transmission, and susceptible dogs.
(1) The source of infection is the source of infectious infection, including three aspects: infectious disease dogs, poison dogs, and bacterial dogs.
(2) The pathogenic microorganisms are discharged from the source of the infectious source, and the approaches passed by the new susceptible dog through a certain way are called the transmission pathway. In terms of communication, it is divided into two types: direct contact and indirect contact dissemination. Direct contact propagation means that without any external factors, pathogenic microorganisms cause the transmission method of epidemic disease through contact with susceptible dogs (mating, licking, playing, etc.) through infection sources. Indirect contact and spread are under the participation of external factors. The pathogenic microorganisms spread the way of transmission of new susceptible dogs through the media. The media often include: droplets and dust in the air; polluting feed, drinking water, pads, utensils, gamers, soil, etc.; Parasites, livestock poultry, wildlife, humans, etc. with pathogenic microorganisms.
(3) Easy sensibility refers to the sensitivity of dogs' sensibility to infectious disease pathogens. In addition to the type of disease, the dog's original susceptibility is related to the type of pathogen and the strength of the toxic force, it is also related to the internal factors, external factors, and specific immune status of the dog. The internal factors of the dog are determined by geneticity. Different varieties of dogs have different symptoms of invasion of the same pathogen; the external factors of the dog refer to the quality, dog sanitation, fecal urine treatment, dog -breeding density in feeding management The degree of hunger and fullness, exercise status, washing and modifying, preventing vaccination, etc.; the specific immunity of dogs refers to the exempting dogs, durable dogs, and asymptomatic dogs after some kind of infectious diseases are popular. Immunity. The descendants of such immune dogs often have congenital immunity and have certain immunity in their early years.
Is when the source of infection, the transmission pathway, and the susceptible dog are connected together, infectious diseases are popular.
The epidemic of infectious diseases shows that as long as the source of infectious sources is eliminated, the transmission pathway is cut off, and the dog's disease resistance (eliminating sensibility) is enhanced. There will be no infectious diseases. This provides a theoretical basis for preventing and controlling the occurrence of dog infectious diseases and popularity. Pet dogs are often discussed below:
(1) Ion plague
Tun canine plague is a high degree of contact infectious diseases. This disease is distributed around the world, which mainly endangers puppies, and the incidence and mortality rate are extremely high.
[pathogen] Puzzle -free special immunity, poor preventive measures, poor vaccines, and unavailable puppies were caused by the invasion of canine plague virus. The pathogen belongs to the RNA -type sub -viscosity, with a diameter of 100 to 300 nanometers, which has strong resistance to drying and cold, but sensitive to ether, chloroform, and alkali. The diseased dog is the main source of infection of the disease.
[Symptoms] The lurking period of the dog plague is 3 to 6 days. The body temperature is typical bi -phase fever. The pathological symptoms of different symptoms and diversion are different, and the length of the disease is inconsistent. In the early stage, the body temperature rose to above 39.5 ° C. It was gloomy, with loss of appetite, sneezing, runny nose, high fever, and fading after 1 to 3 days. The sick dog seemed to improve, and after a few days, the body temperature increased again to 41 ° C. In the middle of the dog, anorexia, severe respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, and nervous system. Such as dyspnea, frequent cough, and poor nose; sometimes vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, weak limbs, hazy eyes, thick eye feces, etc. In the later period, his lips trembled, foamed in the mouth, mashing imbalances, such as drunk, barking continuously, twitching to the ground. Except for the course characteristics, different dogs often have different symptom characteristics for individuals.
Phopne type: The symptoms of the respiratory system are mainly manifested, with thick nose, sneezing, cough, unclean nostrils, nasal cracked or dry stabbing hands, poor breathing, abdominal breathing, and both have both Other symptoms.
The enteritis type: The symptoms of the gastrointestinal tract are mainly manifested, loss of appetite, even abolished, or good appetite and bad, drink more water during high fever, sometimes vomiting, and the stool occurs alternately with the diarrhea. Bloody, bubbles, unpleasant smell, ulcers with oral cavity, white tongue coating, body deficiency and thinness, and other symptoms.
skin type: The skin symptoms are mainly manifested, and the red blisters, sores and purulent lesions of rice grains, peas, and beans are scattered on the inner skin of the lower abdomen. Bubbles, sores, and pus disappear, skin scabs, lazy skin, and other symptoms.
This: Suddenly, the main manifestations of neurological symptoms, the lips tremble, the mouth vomit foam, like drunk, does not distinguish, blindly moves, screams from time to time, the limbs are twitching, the mixing disorders are disordered , I ca n’t afford to fall to the ground.
In addition to the above symptoms, dog plague and dogs often have excessive keratinization of foot pads to become thick and hard, yellow; eyelid swelling, conjunctiva inflammation, purulent eye feces, and corneal ulcers perforation.
[Prevention] Although dog plague and heating is the main infectious disease of dogs, as long as the corresponding epidemic prevention measures are taken. In addition to the general prevention work, puppies under the age of March should inject 2 to 3 canine plague vaccines for the first time, and the first half of the month is injected for the first time when weaning. Dogs and young dogs should be vaccinated once a year. Common five -united seedlings.
Once dogs suffer from canine plague, cure is particularly difficult, that is, or specific antivirus serum, it cannot effectively prevent the deep development of the disease. In order to prevent or control bacterial infections, it can cooperate with certain antibiotics, sulfa and antiviral traditional Chinese medicine preparations or virus spirit. Aiming at the weak body, measures such as support therapy, symptomatic therapy, and improved autoimmunes can be adopted.
(2) Dog Small virus disease
This small virus disease is a kind of acute infectious disease of dogs. It is popular worldwide. The incidence and mortality are high, and puppies are more.
[pathogen] Inadequate prevention, dogs have no immunization itself, without injection of vaccines, and they are invaded into the dog's body by small viruses. This virus belongs to the RNA virus, with a size of about 20 nanometers, and is symmetrically symmetrical. It has strong resistance to environmental factors. It can stabilize for 1 hour at 60 ° C, but Forma, oxide, ultraviolet rays, etc. can be lively.
The disease dog and poison dog are the main source of infection of the disease. The virus is excreted with dung urine, vomit, and saliva, and pollutes the environment. The feces of rehabilitation dogs may be poisoned for a long time. The virus is infected by the digestive tract of a healthy dog. The puppies are the most prone to infection before and after weaning.
[Symptoms] The incubation period of small virus disease is 7 to 14 days, showing hemorrhagic enteritis or non -purulent myocardial inflammation.
The hemorrhagic enteritis type: Dogs have suddenly become ill, gloomy, appetite abolished, stubborn vomiting, diarrhea, or spraying out of spraying thin manure, clamping mucus and pseudo membranes. Unpleasant, quickly dehydrated, thinner. Dogs at the age of March are very easy to die, and the mortality rate of adult dogs is 10%to 15%.
Strophilitis type: Puppies around January are mostly suffering from myocarditis. The initial performance is mild, mild diarrhea, inter -vomiting, pale conjunctiva, slow movement, arrhythmia, decreased body temperature, heart failure and death. The mortality rate is 40%to 100%.
[Prevention and treatment] Comprehensive epidemic prevention measures should be taken for small viruses for dogs for small viruses, and they usually do a good job of hygiene. Regular injection of small virus vaccines or pentae seedlings can be injected before and after weaning, injected once in half a month, and injected 2 to 3 times in a row. After discovering the sick dog, it should be isolated and treated, and the environment is disinfected with 10%to 20%bleach.
This small virus has no special effects. Specific immunosaus and drug treatment are currently widely used comprehensive treatment measures. The diseased dogs are injected 3 to 10 ml of small virus diseases per day to avoid serum, and symptomatic treatment and support therapy is taken. For example, a large amount of Link's liquid, physiological sugar salt water (5%glucose liquid) 300-500 ml/time; muscle injection of 5 mg of blood blood/time or 2 ml of Aiqi/time hemostasis and vomiting; Linkomycin 20 Milligram/kg/time, 1 to 3 times a day. Diet and oral administration. Those who have conditions can give the dog blood transfusion therapy, and the effect is better.
(3) Infectious hepatitis of dogs
This infectious hepatitis is commonly known as blue eye disease, which is a kind of acute sewage infectious disease of dogs. It occurs in the world, regardless of season, gender, variety, age, but the incidence and mortality rate of dogs within 1 year old is high.
[pathogen] Inadequate prevention, dogs have no resistance, and have not injected dogs with infectious hepatitis vaccines, and are caused by dog infectious hepatitis virus invasion. The virus is a DNA gonad virus with a size of 70 to 80 nanometers and has strong resistance to the environment. It can survive for about 100 days at room temperature.
The disease dogs and poison dogs are the source of infection of the disease. The vomiting, secretions, and excrement of the diseased dog have viruses, and rehabilitation dogs can detoxify for a long time through urine. This disease is contact infection and is mainly infected by digestive tract.
[Symptoms] The incubation period of this disease is 2 to 8 days. The puppies often die suddenly within 1 to 2 days. Adult dogs can be cured for more than 2 days. The course of the disease is about 15 days, and the mortality rate is 25%to 40%.
Ad sub -clinical type: Most puppies are this type, and the symptoms are not obvious. Some of them die quickly.
Light type: limited to anorexia, gloom, fever, drowsiness, weight loss, etc.
heavy type: continuous high fever does not retreat, the temperature is 41 ° C, vomiting, occasional jaundice, abdominal pain, moaning, sleeping and lying can't afford to sleep.
S severe type: abdominal pain and diarrhea, vomiting and blood, dehydration and weight, high fever, died at about a day.
The corneal inflammation and edema in the later stage of the disease, unilateral or bilateral blue eyes appear.
[Prevention and treatment] Usually do a good job of hygienic and epidemic prevention, starting from puppies to inject dogs infectious hepatitis vaccine or dog penta seedlings after weaning. Emergency injection can be injected with 5-10 ml/piece of the serum, one muscle injection. You can also inject 10 mg/size each of the immune preparations such as propyrilulin, interferon, thymptophyls, and other muscle injections for prevention.
The high dose of high -dose high -oriented antiviral drugs in the early stage of this disease, supplemented by antibiotics and other drugs to receive a certain effect. Daily infectious hepatitis infectious hepatitis is high -free from 3 to 10 ml of serum, and an appropriate amount of immune preparations; intravenous glucose, vitamin C, coenzyme A, etc. to regulate water, electrolytes, and sugar metabolism; , Chinese medicine preparations of antiviral viruses, such as Banlangen, Big Qingye, Silver Flowers, Forsythia, etc., supplemented by hormone drugs; the treatment of blue eyes can be used to drip the eyes 3 to 4 times a day.
(4) Coronatte virus disease
This coronary virus is a dog infectious disease characterized by gastroenteritis. The world is popular, and it is mostly in winter. Dogs of different varieties, age, and gender are susceptible.
[pathogen] This virus is often popular with dog diarrhea with small viruses. The Coronatte virus is a single -stock RNA virus with 80 to 100 nanometers. Heating and ultraviolet rays are easy to live.
The disease dog and poison dog are the main source of infection of the disease. The virus is discharged with feces, polluting feed, drinking water, etc., infected by digestive tract. The virus can survive in the feces for 6 to 9 days, and the pollutants can be contagious for several days in the water. Therefore, once the disease occurs, it is difficult to control the infection and popularity, which often causes the nest and outbreak.
[Symptoms] The incubation period of this disease is 1 to 3 days. It spreads quickly, and it can spread to the whole group within a few days. Some are water -like diarrhea, and some have no clinical symptoms. Diseases are anorexia, drowsiness, vomiting, weight loss, discharged stools, soft, and mucus feces. Generally, vomiting for several days, the number of vomiting is not reduced until the beginning of the diarrhea. Later, the feces from paste, semi -paste -like water, and color from orange to green, containing mucus and bloodshot. The sick dog is quickly dehydrated, generally does not have a fever, weakened, and dies quickly.
[Prevention and treatment] There is currently no vaccine that prevents canine coronary virus. Only usually do general epidemic prevention work and enhance the physique and resistance of dogs. Once the onset of the disease, the source of the infection should be controlled or the source of the transmission should be interrupted, and the health dog should not be infringed.
The treatment of this disease has no special effects, and in accordance with the common measures for the treatment of infectious diseases, secondary infection can be controlled, symptomatic treatment and support therapy can be adopted.
(5) Rabies disease
Rabies, also known as crazy dog disease, terrorist disease, are human and animals. The worldwide occurs, and the incidence control is better, but the mortality rate is extremely high.
[pathogen] Animals, cats, dogs and other animals who have not injected rabies vaccine were attacked by rabies virus. The rabies virus belongs to the RNA bullet virus with a size of 75 × 180 nanometer. Infection all warm blood animals and people. In nature, dogs, cats, bats, etc. The virus storage hosts, people, and animal rabies infection. The virus is mainly in human and animals in the central nervous tissue, salivary glands and saliva. The propagation method is infected by the diseased animals and poisonous people. The virus can also be infected with saliva, droplets (gas fog) through the respiratory tract, digestive tract and wounds. The virus is sensitive to disinfection drugs such as acid, alkali, carbonic acid, formalum, and mercury ascending, and can be boiled by various lipid solvents, 70%alcohol, iodine liquid, sunlight, X -ray, and boiled.
[Symptoms] The duration of the incubation period is different, generally 2 to 8 weeks, the shortest 8 days, the elders for several months or years. This is related to the susceptibility of animals, the distance between the central nervous system, and the virus of the virus. The course of disease is divided into three stages: front -drive, excitement, and paralysis.
The front drive period: also known as the depression period, about 1 to 2 days. The sick dog is depressed, often hiding in the dark, unwilling to approach people, and not listening to calling. Ultimate appetite, like to eat exotic, throat began to be paralyzed, and throat difficulty. The pupils are scattered, the reflex is hyperactive, it is easy to excite, the saliva secretion increases, the roar is empty, sexual excitement, and licking the reproductive organs.
The excitement period: also known as the madness period, about 2 to 4 days. The sick dog is highly excited and violent, attacking humans and animals, and often appears violent and depressed. Scared strabismus, bite the limbs, tails, pussy. Blind in the wild, dozens of kilometers a day, do not know the way home. Loss, hoarseness, sinking tail clip, jaw paralysis and so on.
paralysis period: This period is about 1 to 2 days. The lower jaw sags, the tongue is hanging out of the mouth, and the saliva is not only. The limbs are paralyzed, lying on the ground, and convulsions. Some people suffer from animals, scared water.
[Prevention] Nowadays, sensitive animals such as weak toxic vaccines and inactivating vaccines are widely used. Treatment and harmless treatment of poisonous animals and rabies. When humans, animals are bitten by suspicious animals (dogs, cats) or rabies, let the wound bleed and detoxify, then rinse with soapy water, then disinfect with 5%iodine, and urgently vaccinate the rabies vaccine within 24 hours. Immunosis is better.
(6) Pseudo -rabies disease
The pseudo -rabies are a kind of acute infectious disease of dogs, which are distributed worldwide. Diseases are the symptoms of itching and cerebral spinal inflammation.
[pathogen] Dogs were caused by the invasion of pseudo -rabies virus. The virus is herpes virus, and the double -share DNA is spherical, 100-150 nanometer. The virus has a strong resistance to the external environment. In the dog house, it can survive for 30 to 46 days in the environment of 8-124 ° C. Temperature, ultraviolet rays, Forma, ether, sodium hydroxide, etc. at 56 ° C. Dogs, cats, rats, pigs, and cows are easy to be susceptible, and can be infected by digestive tract and skin wounds. Most of them in spring and autumn.
[Symptoms] The incubation period is 3 to 10 days. At the beginning of the disease, the diseased dogs were indifferent to the surrounding things. They were uneasy, refused to eat, curled up and slept, and often changed their squatting sites. Often vomiting, gaze and licking the skin wound, the more itchy, the more itchy, and even the licking and licking, the wound is tattered, the tissue is swollen, and moaning from time to time. Barking uneasily, attacking humans and animals, walking wildly, jumping walls and giving walls, salivating in the mouth, and not swallowing, similar to rabies, so it is called pseudo -rabies disease. Most of them have spasm and lip -lip spasm and difficulty breathing. Frequent deaths at 24-36 hours, and the mortality rate is as high as 100%.
[Prevention] Pay attention to the work of dogs to kill rats to prevent dogs from contacting other susceptible animals. The meat of dogs should be cooked and sterilized. Suspected sick dogs should be isolated and treated. The sick dog's body should be harmless.
has no special effects on pseudo -rabies disease. At the beginning of the disease, pseudo -rabies immune to serum are injected, and the symptomatic treatment has a certain effect. Sichuan Agricultural University has developed a successful pseudo -rabies vaccine.
(7) Dog Tuberculosis
Dog tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease of human and animals. Its pathological characteristics are to form granuloma in a variety of tissue organs, which are cheese -like, calcified nodule lesions, and the appearance is like pearl -like, so it is also called pearl disease.
[pathogen] Cycles of tuberculosis of dog infection. Tuberculosis is a Gram -dyed positive bacteria, which is strictly needed oxygen bacteria. The most suitable growth and breeding temperature is 37-38 ° C. Because the bacteria are rich in lipids, the survival power is strong in the external environment, and the resistance to dryness and wetness is strong. It can survive in the water for 5 months and survive in the soil for 7 months. For the heat resistance, it takes 4 hours to kill with disinfection, and in 70%of alcohol, 10%bleaching powder will soon die.
This bacteria can infect more than 70 kinds of livestock, poultry, and people, and the infection pathway is mostly digestive tract and respiratory tract. Dogs are often infected with sputum sputum and inhalation of bacteria -containing air, and infection of an open tuberculosis. Dogs can be transmitted to people, cats, etc., and people can be transmitted to dogs, cats, etc.
[Symptoms] The latent length of the tuberculosis is different, ranging from more than ten days to dozens of days, or even several years, there are large differences in varieties, age, nutrition, management, and health.
This tuberculosis is mostly chronic infection, and the symptoms are subacute. The early symptoms of the sick dog are not obvious, but the appetite is good, weak and less moved, the spirit is weak, and it is thin.
This Different clinical symptoms are different:
The throat tuberculosis: The main manifestations are hoarseness, spasm cough, and sound loss.
The tuberculosis: It is mainly manifested in breathing difficulties, nasal odor, cough and pain, nasal flowing nose, abdominal breathing, often taking sitting rest, touching the thorax sensitive pacifier abnormality.
The liver tuberculosis: mainly manifested as jaundice, yellow urine tea, yellow skin, not eating, thirsty, the sensitive between the right rib and sword cartilage, and the palm of the palm has the sound of water shooting.
The tuberculosis: The abdomen is gradually large, and the pussy often flows out of the blood -like yellow sticky exudate, not estrus, etc. Even the entire reproductive organs have tuberculosis, breast ulcers, and gestational dogs have miscarriage. Gong dog auxiliary testicular, testicular swelling, penile erosion.
Interest of intestinal tuberculosis: In addition to indigestion and loss of appetite, it is often stubborn and dehydrated, and quickly lose weight.
This dispellation of pearl -like nodules with white, gray -white, and yellow -sized pearl -sized nodules with common chest cavity, abdominal cavity, pelvic mucosa and corresponding viscera and lymph nodes. Cut the nodules to see cheese -like necrosis, some calcified.
[Prevention] The prevention of tuberculosis should take comprehensive epidemic prevention measures to prevent the occurrence of the disease. The dog should be checked regularly, and suspicious and sick should be isolated. For open tuberculosis dogs, there is no treatment value, it should be killed as soon as possible, and the corpse should be burned. Avoid feeding dogs with raw milk and raw meat to prevent digestive tract infections. Some countries have developed tuberculosis vaccines to prevent injection as the topic and strengthen disinfection work.
The isolate treatment for unpopular tuberculosis dogs. Frequently -selected drugs are: different smoke, 4 to 8 mg/kg weight, take 2 to 3 times a day. 10 mg/kg weight of muscle injection, 2 to 3 times/day; Kanamor, 5-10 mg/kg weight, 2 times/day. Oral Corbaste, Baihe, Bai Jibu, Mu Tong, Yinhua, Astragalus, Atractylodes, hawthorn fried juice, 3 times/day.
(8) Inuya Salmonella
This Salmonella, which is also known as auxiliary typhoid fever, is a infectious disease of human and animals. It belongs to conditional infectious diseases and is popular around the world.
[pathogen] Dogs were caused by Salmonella. Salmonella is a Gram -negative bacteria, generally 1 to 3 microns long, 0.4 to 0.6 microns wide. There are many types of bacteria, and most of them have whip hair, which can exercise and need oxygen. It has certain resistance to drying, corruption, and sunlight. It can survive for several weeks to months in nature, but the resistance to chemical disinfection agents is not strong. Generally, disinfection methods can achieve disinfection.
This that causes dogs is mainly mouse typhoid Salmonella. The nature of nature is widely distributed and easy to spread in animals, people, and environments. The sick and bacteria are the source of infection. Pollutants, dust, water, etc. are the media. Mainly spread through the digestive tract and respiratory tract. Living in the intestine, when the conditions are poor or mutated, the internal organs invade the internal organs, which causes toxin and causes pathological processes. Therefore, conditional infectious diseases are called conditions.
[Symptoms] Due to the different symptoms of dog variety, age, nutrition, physical condition, fungi, and toxic force, the symptoms have different symptoms.
A sub -acute type: Strong physical dogs have strong resistance, and a small number of Shamencoccoli may not have clinical symptoms, or pass by.
The acute blood type: When the dog is weak, the amount of fungi is large, and the toxic force is strong, the bacteria breed rapidly, producing a large amount of toxins, causing severe gastroenteritis, spleen and lymphadenopathy, causing sepsis and death. Common clinical dogs have fever, cold, indulging, not eating, vomiting, abdominal pain, dehydration, weight loss, and eventually dying.
[Prevention] Pay attention to the environmental sanitation of dog houses, often extinguish rats, flies, disinfected and washing dogs. It is forbidden to feed meat and milk to prevent unhygienic eating habits. The dead dog should be burned deeply. Disinfection with 10%bleaching powder, 20%charcoal milk, 5%ammonia water, etc.
Early treatment is effective. Antibacterial, sulfa, and furabis are available. Chlorophyllin, 50 mg/kg weight, one oral, 4 times/day, 5 days in a row, half of the injection. Increased efficiency Sulfa 50 mg/kg weight, 2 times/day, for 1 week. Di Ling 5 mg/kg weight, 2 times/day, for 1 week. Chinese medicine Coptis chinensis, Wu Mei, Zexie, Mutong, Baitou Weng, Dragon Grass fried juice, orally, 2 to 3 times/day, 1 dose/2 days. And combined with symptomatic treatment and support therapy.

1 thought on “What are the common infectious diseases of dogs?”

Kerry
December 13, 2022 at 4:01 am

Infectious diseases of dogs are the biggest obstacles to breeding pet dogs, especially in recent years, the number of pets has increased sharply in recent years. The density of dogs has increased, the disease of dogs increases, and the frequency of onset increases significantly, which seriously affects the breeding and reproduction of pet dogs. In order to effectively prevent and control the occurrence of dog infectious diseases, we must understand some of the basic common sense of infectious diseases, and improve the understanding of the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in order to prevent the prevention and treatment of dog infectious diseases.
1. The characteristics of infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms. There is a certain incubation period and symptom manifestation, and infectious diseases, called infectious diseases. It is characterized by: caused by the interaction of pathogenic microorganisms and dogs. If there is no canine plague virus, there is no canine plague. In the healthy dog that is susceptible to sensitive, it can cause the same symptoms of canine plague, and it can spread in a certain region of dogs. The infected dogs experience specific reactions; the dog -resistant dog can obtain specific immunity; Symptoms of distinctive symptoms.
2. The type of infection can be divided into endogenous infection and exogenous infection according to the occurrence of infection; according to the type of pathogen, it can be divided into simplicity, mixed infection, and secondary infection; For benign infection, malignant infection; according to the length of the disease, it can be divided into the most acute, acute, subacute and chronic infection.
3. Infectious dogs infectious diseases infectious diseases directly contact infection between dogs, or indirectly transmitted through media objects to form popularity. Generally, it is necessary to pass through: the process of discharge the pathogenic microorganisms from the pathogenic dogs invades the process of a new susceptible dog. This shows that the transmission of infectious diseases in dogs must have three links: source of infection, transmission, and susceptible dogs.
(1) The source of infection is the source of infectious infection, including three aspects: infectious disease dogs, poison dogs, and bacterial dogs.
(2) The pathogenic microorganisms are discharged from the source of the infectious source, and the approaches passed by the new susceptible dog through a certain way are called the transmission pathway. In terms of communication, it is divided into two types: direct contact and indirect contact dissemination. Direct contact propagation means that without any external factors, pathogenic microorganisms cause the transmission method of epidemic disease through contact with susceptible dogs (mating, licking, playing, etc.) through infection sources. Indirect contact and spread are under the participation of external factors. The pathogenic microorganisms spread the way of transmission of new susceptible dogs through the media. The media often include: droplets and dust in the air; polluting feed, drinking water, pads, utensils, gamers, soil, etc.; Parasites, livestock poultry, wildlife, humans, etc. with pathogenic microorganisms.
(3) Easy sensibility refers to the sensitivity of dogs' sensibility to infectious disease pathogens. In addition to the type of disease, the dog's original susceptibility is related to the type of pathogen and the strength of the toxic force, it is also related to the internal factors, external factors, and specific immune status of the dog. The internal factors of the dog are determined by geneticity. Different varieties of dogs have different symptoms of invasion of the same pathogen; the external factors of the dog refer to the quality, dog sanitation, fecal urine treatment, dog -breeding density in feeding management The degree of hunger and fullness, exercise status, washing and modifying, preventing vaccination, etc.; the specific immunity of dogs refers to the exempting dogs, durable dogs, and asymptomatic dogs after some kind of infectious diseases are popular. Immunity. The descendants of such immune dogs often have congenital immunity and have certain immunity in their early years.
Is when the source of infection, the transmission pathway, and the susceptible dog are connected together, infectious diseases are popular.
The epidemic of infectious diseases shows that as long as the source of infectious sources is eliminated, the transmission pathway is cut off, and the dog's disease resistance (eliminating sensibility) is enhanced. There will be no infectious diseases. This provides a theoretical basis for preventing and controlling the occurrence of dog infectious diseases and popularity. Pet dogs are often discussed below:
(1) Ion plague
Tun canine plague is a high degree of contact infectious diseases. This disease is distributed around the world, which mainly endangers puppies, and the incidence and mortality rate are extremely high.
[pathogen] Puzzle -free special immunity, poor preventive measures, poor vaccines, and unavailable puppies were caused by the invasion of canine plague virus. The pathogen belongs to the RNA -type sub -viscosity, with a diameter of 100 to 300 nanometers, which has strong resistance to drying and cold, but sensitive to ether, chloroform, and alkali. The diseased dog is the main source of infection of the disease.
[Symptoms] The lurking period of the dog plague is 3 to 6 days. The body temperature is typical bi -phase fever. The pathological symptoms of different symptoms and diversion are different, and the length of the disease is inconsistent. In the early stage, the body temperature rose to above 39.5 ° C. It was gloomy, with loss of appetite, sneezing, runny nose, high fever, and fading after 1 to 3 days. The sick dog seemed to improve, and after a few days, the body temperature increased again to 41 ° C. In the middle of the dog, anorexia, severe respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, and nervous system. Such as dyspnea, frequent cough, and poor nose; sometimes vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, weak limbs, hazy eyes, thick eye feces, etc. In the later period, his lips trembled, foamed in the mouth, mashing imbalances, such as drunk, barking continuously, twitching to the ground. Except for the course characteristics, different dogs often have different symptom characteristics for individuals.
Phopne type: The symptoms of the respiratory system are mainly manifested, with thick nose, sneezing, cough, unclean nostrils, nasal cracked or dry stabbing hands, poor breathing, abdominal breathing, and both have both Other symptoms.
The enteritis type: The symptoms of the gastrointestinal tract are mainly manifested, loss of appetite, even abolished, or good appetite and bad, drink more water during high fever, sometimes vomiting, and the stool occurs alternately with the diarrhea. Bloody, bubbles, unpleasant smell, ulcers with oral cavity, white tongue coating, body deficiency and thinness, and other symptoms.
skin type: The skin symptoms are mainly manifested, and the red blisters, sores and purulent lesions of rice grains, peas, and beans are scattered on the inner skin of the lower abdomen. Bubbles, sores, and pus disappear, skin scabs, lazy skin, and other symptoms.
This: Suddenly, the main manifestations of neurological symptoms, the lips tremble, the mouth vomit foam, like drunk, does not distinguish, blindly moves, screams from time to time, the limbs are twitching, the mixing disorders are disordered , I ca n’t afford to fall to the ground.
In addition to the above symptoms, dog plague and dogs often have excessive keratinization of foot pads to become thick and hard, yellow; eyelid swelling, conjunctiva inflammation, purulent eye feces, and corneal ulcers perforation.
[Prevention] Although dog plague and heating is the main infectious disease of dogs, as long as the corresponding epidemic prevention measures are taken. In addition to the general prevention work, puppies under the age of March should inject 2 to 3 canine plague vaccines for the first time, and the first half of the month is injected for the first time when weaning. Dogs and young dogs should be vaccinated once a year. Common five -united seedlings.
Once dogs suffer from canine plague, cure is particularly difficult, that is, or specific antivirus serum, it cannot effectively prevent the deep development of the disease. In order to prevent or control bacterial infections, it can cooperate with certain antibiotics, sulfa and antiviral traditional Chinese medicine preparations or virus spirit. Aiming at the weak body, measures such as support therapy, symptomatic therapy, and improved autoimmunes can be adopted.
(2) Dog Small virus disease
This small virus disease is a kind of acute infectious disease of dogs. It is popular worldwide. The incidence and mortality are high, and puppies are more.
[pathogen] Inadequate prevention, dogs have no immunization itself, without injection of vaccines, and they are invaded into the dog's body by small viruses. This virus belongs to the RNA virus, with a size of about 20 nanometers, and is symmetrically symmetrical. It has strong resistance to environmental factors. It can stabilize for 1 hour at 60 ° C, but Forma, oxide, ultraviolet rays, etc. can be lively.
The disease dog and poison dog are the main source of infection of the disease. The virus is excreted with dung urine, vomit, and saliva, and pollutes the environment. The feces of rehabilitation dogs may be poisoned for a long time. The virus is infected by the digestive tract of a healthy dog. The puppies are the most prone to infection before and after weaning.
[Symptoms] The incubation period of small virus disease is 7 to 14 days, showing hemorrhagic enteritis or non -purulent myocardial inflammation.
The hemorrhagic enteritis type: Dogs have suddenly become ill, gloomy, appetite abolished, stubborn vomiting, diarrhea, or spraying out of spraying thin manure, clamping mucus and pseudo membranes. Unpleasant, quickly dehydrated, thinner. Dogs at the age of March are very easy to die, and the mortality rate of adult dogs is 10%to 15%.
Strophilitis type: Puppies around January are mostly suffering from myocarditis. The initial performance is mild, mild diarrhea, inter -vomiting, pale conjunctiva, slow movement, arrhythmia, decreased body temperature, heart failure and death. The mortality rate is 40%to 100%.
[Prevention and treatment] Comprehensive epidemic prevention measures should be taken for small viruses for dogs for small viruses, and they usually do a good job of hygiene. Regular injection of small virus vaccines or pentae seedlings can be injected before and after weaning, injected once in half a month, and injected 2 to 3 times in a row. After discovering the sick dog, it should be isolated and treated, and the environment is disinfected with 10%to 20%bleach.
This small virus has no special effects. Specific immunosaus and drug treatment are currently widely used comprehensive treatment measures. The diseased dogs are injected 3 to 10 ml of small virus diseases per day to avoid serum, and symptomatic treatment and support therapy is taken. For example, a large amount of Link's liquid, physiological sugar salt water (5%glucose liquid) 300-500 ml/time; muscle injection of 5 mg of blood blood/time or 2 ml of Aiqi/time hemostasis and vomiting; Linkomycin 20 Milligram/kg/time, 1 to 3 times a day. Diet and oral administration. Those who have conditions can give the dog blood transfusion therapy, and the effect is better.
(3) Infectious hepatitis of dogs
This infectious hepatitis is commonly known as blue eye disease, which is a kind of acute sewage infectious disease of dogs. It occurs in the world, regardless of season, gender, variety, age, but the incidence and mortality rate of dogs within 1 year old is high.
[pathogen] Inadequate prevention, dogs have no resistance, and have not injected dogs with infectious hepatitis vaccines, and are caused by dog infectious hepatitis virus invasion. The virus is a DNA gonad virus with a size of 70 to 80 nanometers and has strong resistance to the environment. It can survive for about 100 days at room temperature.
The disease dogs and poison dogs are the source of infection of the disease. The vomiting, secretions, and excrement of the diseased dog have viruses, and rehabilitation dogs can detoxify for a long time through urine. This disease is contact infection and is mainly infected by digestive tract.
[Symptoms] The incubation period of this disease is 2 to 8 days. The puppies often die suddenly within 1 to 2 days. Adult dogs can be cured for more than 2 days. The course of the disease is about 15 days, and the mortality rate is 25%to 40%.
Ad sub -clinical type: Most puppies are this type, and the symptoms are not obvious. Some of them die quickly.
Light type: limited to anorexia, gloom, fever, drowsiness, weight loss, etc.
heavy type: continuous high fever does not retreat, the temperature is 41 ° C, vomiting, occasional jaundice, abdominal pain, moaning, sleeping and lying can't afford to sleep.
S severe type: abdominal pain and diarrhea, vomiting and blood, dehydration and weight, high fever, died at about a day.
The corneal inflammation and edema in the later stage of the disease, unilateral or bilateral blue eyes appear.
[Prevention and treatment] Usually do a good job of hygienic and epidemic prevention, starting from puppies to inject dogs infectious hepatitis vaccine or dog penta seedlings after weaning. Emergency injection can be injected with 5-10 ml/piece of the serum, one muscle injection. You can also inject 10 mg/size each of the immune preparations such as propyrilulin, interferon, thymptophyls, and other muscle injections for prevention.
The high dose of high -dose high -oriented antiviral drugs in the early stage of this disease, supplemented by antibiotics and other drugs to receive a certain effect. Daily infectious hepatitis infectious hepatitis is high -free from 3 to 10 ml of serum, and an appropriate amount of immune preparations; intravenous glucose, vitamin C, coenzyme A, etc. to regulate water, electrolytes, and sugar metabolism; , Chinese medicine preparations of antiviral viruses, such as Banlangen, Big Qingye, Silver Flowers, Forsythia, etc., supplemented by hormone drugs; the treatment of blue eyes can be used to drip the eyes 3 to 4 times a day.
(4) Coronatte virus disease
This coronary virus is a dog infectious disease characterized by gastroenteritis. The world is popular, and it is mostly in winter. Dogs of different varieties, age, and gender are susceptible.
[pathogen] This virus is often popular with dog diarrhea with small viruses. The Coronatte virus is a single -stock RNA virus with 80 to 100 nanometers. Heating and ultraviolet rays are easy to live.
The disease dog and poison dog are the main source of infection of the disease. The virus is discharged with feces, polluting feed, drinking water, etc., infected by digestive tract. The virus can survive in the feces for 6 to 9 days, and the pollutants can be contagious for several days in the water. Therefore, once the disease occurs, it is difficult to control the infection and popularity, which often causes the nest and outbreak.
[Symptoms] The incubation period of this disease is 1 to 3 days. It spreads quickly, and it can spread to the whole group within a few days. Some are water -like diarrhea, and some have no clinical symptoms. Diseases are anorexia, drowsiness, vomiting, weight loss, discharged stools, soft, and mucus feces. Generally, vomiting for several days, the number of vomiting is not reduced until the beginning of the diarrhea. Later, the feces from paste, semi -paste -like water, and color from orange to green, containing mucus and bloodshot. The sick dog is quickly dehydrated, generally does not have a fever, weakened, and dies quickly.
[Prevention and treatment] There is currently no vaccine that prevents canine coronary virus. Only usually do general epidemic prevention work and enhance the physique and resistance of dogs. Once the onset of the disease, the source of the infection should be controlled or the source of the transmission should be interrupted, and the health dog should not be infringed.
The treatment of this disease has no special effects, and in accordance with the common measures for the treatment of infectious diseases, secondary infection can be controlled, symptomatic treatment and support therapy can be adopted.
(5) Rabies disease
Rabies, also known as crazy dog disease, terrorist disease, are human and animals. The worldwide occurs, and the incidence control is better, but the mortality rate is extremely high.
[pathogen] Animals, cats, dogs and other animals who have not injected rabies vaccine were attacked by rabies virus. The rabies virus belongs to the RNA bullet virus with a size of 75 × 180 nanometer. Infection all warm blood animals and people. In nature, dogs, cats, bats, etc. The virus storage hosts, people, and animal rabies infection. The virus is mainly in human and animals in the central nervous tissue, salivary glands and saliva. The propagation method is infected by the diseased animals and poisonous people. The virus can also be infected with saliva, droplets (gas fog) through the respiratory tract, digestive tract and wounds. The virus is sensitive to disinfection drugs such as acid, alkali, carbonic acid, formalum, and mercury ascending, and can be boiled by various lipid solvents, 70%alcohol, iodine liquid, sunlight, X -ray, and boiled.
[Symptoms] The duration of the incubation period is different, generally 2 to 8 weeks, the shortest 8 days, the elders for several months or years. This is related to the susceptibility of animals, the distance between the central nervous system, and the virus of the virus. The course of disease is divided into three stages: front -drive, excitement, and paralysis.
The front drive period: also known as the depression period, about 1 to 2 days. The sick dog is depressed, often hiding in the dark, unwilling to approach people, and not listening to calling. Ultimate appetite, like to eat exotic, throat began to be paralyzed, and throat difficulty. The pupils are scattered, the reflex is hyperactive, it is easy to excite, the saliva secretion increases, the roar is empty, sexual excitement, and licking the reproductive organs.
The excitement period: also known as the madness period, about 2 to 4 days. The sick dog is highly excited and violent, attacking humans and animals, and often appears violent and depressed. Scared strabismus, bite the limbs, tails, pussy. Blind in the wild, dozens of kilometers a day, do not know the way home. Loss, hoarseness, sinking tail clip, jaw paralysis and so on.
paralysis period: This period is about 1 to 2 days. The lower jaw sags, the tongue is hanging out of the mouth, and the saliva is not only. The limbs are paralyzed, lying on the ground, and convulsions. Some people suffer from animals, scared water.
[Prevention] Nowadays, sensitive animals such as weak toxic vaccines and inactivating vaccines are widely used. Treatment and harmless treatment of poisonous animals and rabies. When humans, animals are bitten by suspicious animals (dogs, cats) or rabies, let the wound bleed and detoxify, then rinse with soapy water, then disinfect with 5%iodine, and urgently vaccinate the rabies vaccine within 24 hours. Immunosis is better.
(6) Pseudo -rabies disease
The pseudo -rabies are a kind of acute infectious disease of dogs, which are distributed worldwide. Diseases are the symptoms of itching and cerebral spinal inflammation.
[pathogen] Dogs were caused by the invasion of pseudo -rabies virus. The virus is herpes virus, and the double -share DNA is spherical, 100-150 nanometer. The virus has a strong resistance to the external environment. In the dog house, it can survive for 30 to 46 days in the environment of 8-124 ° C. Temperature, ultraviolet rays, Forma, ether, sodium hydroxide, etc. at 56 ° C. Dogs, cats, rats, pigs, and cows are easy to be susceptible, and can be infected by digestive tract and skin wounds. Most of them in spring and autumn.
[Symptoms] The incubation period is 3 to 10 days. At the beginning of the disease, the diseased dogs were indifferent to the surrounding things. They were uneasy, refused to eat, curled up and slept, and often changed their squatting sites. Often vomiting, gaze and licking the skin wound, the more itchy, the more itchy, and even the licking and licking, the wound is tattered, the tissue is swollen, and moaning from time to time. Barking uneasily, attacking humans and animals, walking wildly, jumping walls and giving walls, salivating in the mouth, and not swallowing, similar to rabies, so it is called pseudo -rabies disease. Most of them have spasm and lip -lip spasm and difficulty breathing. Frequent deaths at 24-36 hours, and the mortality rate is as high as 100%.
[Prevention] Pay attention to the work of dogs to kill rats to prevent dogs from contacting other susceptible animals. The meat of dogs should be cooked and sterilized. Suspected sick dogs should be isolated and treated. The sick dog's body should be harmless.
has no special effects on pseudo -rabies disease. At the beginning of the disease, pseudo -rabies immune to serum are injected, and the symptomatic treatment has a certain effect. Sichuan Agricultural University has developed a successful pseudo -rabies vaccine.
(7) Dog Tuberculosis
Dog tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease of human and animals. Its pathological characteristics are to form granuloma in a variety of tissue organs, which are cheese -like, calcified nodule lesions, and the appearance is like pearl -like, so it is also called pearl disease.
[pathogen] Cycles of tuberculosis of dog infection. Tuberculosis is a Gram -dyed positive bacteria, which is strictly needed oxygen bacteria. The most suitable growth and breeding temperature is 37-38 ° C. Because the bacteria are rich in lipids, the survival power is strong in the external environment, and the resistance to dryness and wetness is strong. It can survive in the water for 5 months and survive in the soil for 7 months. For the heat resistance, it takes 4 hours to kill with disinfection, and in 70%of alcohol, 10%bleaching powder will soon die.
This bacteria can infect more than 70 kinds of livestock, poultry, and people, and the infection pathway is mostly digestive tract and respiratory tract. Dogs are often infected with sputum sputum and inhalation of bacteria -containing air, and infection of an open tuberculosis. Dogs can be transmitted to people, cats, etc., and people can be transmitted to dogs, cats, etc.
[Symptoms] The latent length of the tuberculosis is different, ranging from more than ten days to dozens of days, or even several years, there are large differences in varieties, age, nutrition, management, and health.
This tuberculosis is mostly chronic infection, and the symptoms are subacute. The early symptoms of the sick dog are not obvious, but the appetite is good, weak and less moved, the spirit is weak, and it is thin.
This Different clinical symptoms are different:
The throat tuberculosis: The main manifestations are hoarseness, spasm cough, and sound loss.
The tuberculosis: It is mainly manifested in breathing difficulties, nasal odor, cough and pain, nasal flowing nose, abdominal breathing, often taking sitting rest, touching the thorax sensitive pacifier abnormality.
The liver tuberculosis: mainly manifested as jaundice, yellow urine tea, yellow skin, not eating, thirsty, the sensitive between the right rib and sword cartilage, and the palm of the palm has the sound of water shooting.
The tuberculosis: The abdomen is gradually large, and the pussy often flows out of the blood -like yellow sticky exudate, not estrus, etc. Even the entire reproductive organs have tuberculosis, breast ulcers, and gestational dogs have miscarriage. Gong dog auxiliary testicular, testicular swelling, penile erosion.
Interest of intestinal tuberculosis: In addition to indigestion and loss of appetite, it is often stubborn and dehydrated, and quickly lose weight.
This dispellation of pearl -like nodules with white, gray -white, and yellow -sized pearl -sized nodules with common chest cavity, abdominal cavity, pelvic mucosa and corresponding viscera and lymph nodes. Cut the nodules to see cheese -like necrosis, some calcified.
[Prevention] The prevention of tuberculosis should take comprehensive epidemic prevention measures to prevent the occurrence of the disease. The dog should be checked regularly, and suspicious and sick should be isolated. For open tuberculosis dogs, there is no treatment value, it should be killed as soon as possible, and the corpse should be burned. Avoid feeding dogs with raw milk and raw meat to prevent digestive tract infections. Some countries have developed tuberculosis vaccines to prevent injection as the topic and strengthen disinfection work.
The isolate treatment for unpopular tuberculosis dogs. Frequently -selected drugs are: different smoke, 4 to 8 mg/kg weight, take 2 to 3 times a day. 10 mg/kg weight of muscle injection, 2 to 3 times/day; Kanamor, 5-10 mg/kg weight, 2 times/day. Oral Corbaste, Baihe, Bai Jibu, Mu Tong, Yinhua, Astragalus, Atractylodes, hawthorn fried juice, 3 times/day.
(8) Inuya Salmonella
This Salmonella, which is also known as auxiliary typhoid fever, is a infectious disease of human and animals. It belongs to conditional infectious diseases and is popular around the world.
[pathogen] Dogs were caused by Salmonella. Salmonella is a Gram -negative bacteria, generally 1 to 3 microns long, 0.4 to 0.6 microns wide. There are many types of bacteria, and most of them have whip hair, which can exercise and need oxygen. It has certain resistance to drying, corruption, and sunlight. It can survive for several weeks to months in nature, but the resistance to chemical disinfection agents is not strong. Generally, disinfection methods can achieve disinfection.
This that causes dogs is mainly mouse typhoid Salmonella. The nature of nature is widely distributed and easy to spread in animals, people, and environments. The sick and bacteria are the source of infection. Pollutants, dust, water, etc. are the media. Mainly spread through the digestive tract and respiratory tract. Living in the intestine, when the conditions are poor or mutated, the internal organs invade the internal organs, which causes toxin and causes pathological processes. Therefore, conditional infectious diseases are called conditions.
[Symptoms] Due to the different symptoms of dog variety, age, nutrition, physical condition, fungi, and toxic force, the symptoms have different symptoms.
A sub -acute type: Strong physical dogs have strong resistance, and a small number of Shamencoccoli may not have clinical symptoms, or pass by.
The acute blood type: When the dog is weak, the amount of fungi is large, and the toxic force is strong, the bacteria breed rapidly, producing a large amount of toxins, causing severe gastroenteritis, spleen and lymphadenopathy, causing sepsis and death. Common clinical dogs have fever, cold, indulging, not eating, vomiting, abdominal pain, dehydration, weight loss, and eventually dying.
[Prevention] Pay attention to the environmental sanitation of dog houses, often extinguish rats, flies, disinfected and washing dogs. It is forbidden to feed meat and milk to prevent unhygienic eating habits. The dead dog should be burned deeply. Disinfection with 10%bleaching powder, 20%charcoal milk, 5%ammonia water, etc.
Early treatment is effective. Antibacterial, sulfa, and furabis are available. Chlorophyllin, 50 mg/kg weight, one oral, 4 times/day, 5 days in a row, half of the injection. Increased efficiency Sulfa 50 mg/kg weight, 2 times/day, for 1 week. Di Ling 5 mg/kg weight, 2 times/day, for 1 week. Chinese medicine Coptis chinensis, Wu Mei, Zexie, Mutong, Baitou Weng, Dragon Grass fried juice, orally, 2 to 3 times/day, 1 dose/2 days. And combined with symptomatic treatment and support therapy.

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